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邻苯二甲酸酯,你了解吗?
邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)又称酞酸酯, 大部分常用的邻苯二甲酸酯为邻苯二甲酰酐与醇的反应产物。该类化合物从邻苯二甲酸二甲酯到十三烷基酯共有20多种, 大部分为无色液体(个别的为白色固体如二环己酯、二苯酯),无味或略带气味,难溶于水, 易溶于有机溶剂。邻苯二甲酸酯类常用作增塑剂和软化剂, 其含量有时可达高聚体本身的60%, 用于增大塑料的可塑性和韧性。PAEs与塑料本身很难牢固结合,很容易从中溶解出来, 从而进入环境。 为什么我们会摄入邻苯二甲酸酯? 一般人容易会在塑胶制品包装中接触到邻苯二甲酸酯类,在生活中有很多食物在加工、加热、包装、盛装的过程里可能会造成邻苯二甲酸酯的溶出且渗入食物中。例如:塑胶玩具、覆盖食物微波加热的保鲜膜、盛装食物的塑胶容器、室内装潢或家庭产品亦多数属于塑胶材质、吃手扒鸡的塑胶手套、医疗用的塑胶手套或输血袋等,都可见邻苯二甲酸酯类的踪影。 另外,有一些不法厂家,为了达到降低成本的目的,用邻苯二甲酸酯代替起云剂添加到食品当中,以达到增稠效果,将会给消费者带来巨大危害。 邻苯二甲酸酯有哪些危害? 研究表明邻苯二甲酸酯在人体和动物体内发挥着类似雌性激素的作用,可干扰内分泌,使男子精液量和精子数量减少,精子运动能力低下,精子形态异常,严重的会导致睾丸癌,是造成男子生殖问题的“罪魁祸首”。 含有邻苯二甲酸酯的软塑料玩具及儿童用品有可能被小孩放进口中,如果放置的时间足够长,就会导致邻苯二甲酸酯的溶出量超过安全水平,会危害儿童的肝脏和肾脏,也可引起儿童性早熟。 在化妆品中,指甲油的邻苯二甲酸酯含量最高,很多化妆品的芳香成分也含有该物质。化妆品中的这种物质会通过女性的呼吸系统和皮肤进入体内,如果过多使用,会增加女性患乳腺癌的几率,还会危害到她们未来生育的男婴的生殖系统。 如何检测邻苯二甲酸酯? 邻苯二甲酸酯检测方法已非常成熟,国内外都发布了检测标准。一般是用有机溶剂萃取后使用气相色谱质谱联用仪(GC)进行检测。 主要检测标准有: - GBT 22048-2008 玩具及儿童用品聚氯乙烯塑料中邻苯二甲酸酯增塑剂的测定
- EN 14372 儿童产品安全要求及测试方法(欧洲标准,采用索氏提取法 - SNT 1779-2006 塑料血袋中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的测定-气相色谱串联质谱法 - SNT 2037-2007 与食品接触的塑料成型品中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂迁移量的测定气相色谱质谱联用法 - SNT 2249-2009 塑料及其制品中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的测定气相色谱-质谱法 - WST 149-1999 作业场所空气中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的高效液相色谱测定方法 - GBT20388-2006 纺织品邻苯二甲酸酯的测定 - GBT21911-2008 食品中邻苯二甲酸酯的测定 - GBT21928-2008食品塑料包装材料中邻苯二甲酸酯的测定 - EN 15777 纺织品.邻苯二甲酸酯测试方法(欧洲标准,采用索氏提取法) - CPSC-CH-C1001-09.3 邻苯二甲酸酯测试标准作业程序(美国标准,采用溶解凝固法) - Health Canada Method C34 聚氯乙烯产品中邻苯二甲酸酯的测定(加拿大标准,采用溶出法) 天津阿尔塔提供邻苯二甲酸酯相关标准品,部分产品如下: 货号 | 中文名称 | 英文名称 | cas# | 1ST1111 | 邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯(BBP) | Benzyl n-butyl phthalate | 85-68-7 | 1ST1112 | 邻苯二甲酸二苯酯 | Diphenyl phthalate | 84-62-8 | 1ST1113 | 邻苯二甲酸二丁氧基乙酯 | Bis(2-butoxyethyl) phthalate | 117-83-9 | 1ST1114 | 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 | Di-n-butyl phthalate | 84-74-2 | 1ST1115 | 邻苯二甲酸二环己酯 | Dicyclohexyl phthalate | 84-61-7 | 1ST1116 | 邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP) | Dimethyl phthalate | 131-11-3 | 1ST1117 | 邻苯二甲酸二戊酯(DPP) | Di-n-pentyl phthalate | 131-18-0 | 1ST1118 | 邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP) | Diethyl phthalate | 84-66-2 | 1ST1119 | 邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(DIBP) | Diisobutyl phthalate | 84-69-5 | 1ST1120 | 邻苯二甲酸二正己酯(DNHP) | Di-n-hexyl phthalate | 84-75-3 | 1ST1121 | 邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯(DNOP) | Di-n-octyl phthalate | 117-84-0 | 1ST1122 | 邻苯二甲酸双(2-甲氧基乙)酯 | Bis(2-methoxyethyl) phthalate | 117-82-8 | 1ST1123 | 邻苯二甲酸双(2-乙氧基乙)酯 | Bis(2-ethoxyethyl) phthalate | 605-54-9 | 1ST1124 | 邻苯二甲酸双(4-甲基-2-戊)酯 | Bis(4-methyl-2-pentyl) Phthalate | 146-50-9 | 1ST1125 | 邻苯二甲酸双(2-乙基己)酯 | Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate | 117-81-7 | 1ST1126 | 邻苯二甲酸二壬酯 | Di-n-nonyl phthalate | 84-76-4 | 1ST1127 | 邻苯二甲酸二丙酯(DPP) | Dipropyl phthalate | 131-16-8 | 1ST1128 | 邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯(DIOP)(异构体混合物) | Diisooctyl phthalate (The mixture of isomers) | 27554-26-4 | 1ST1129 | 邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯(DINP)(异构体混合物) | Diisononyl phthalate (The mixture of isomers) | 28553-12-0 | 1ST1130 | 邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯 (DIDP)(异构体混合物) | Diisodeyl phthalate (The mixture of isomers) | 26761-40-0 | 1ST1131 | 邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯 | Diallyl phthalate | 131-17-9 | 1ST1132 | 邻苯二甲酸二癸酯 | Didecyl phthalate | 84-77-5 | 1ST1133 | 邻苯二甲酸二苄酯 | Dibenzyl phthalate | 523-31-9 | 1ST1134 | 邻苯二甲酸双庚酯 | Dihept-1-yl phthalate | 3648-21-3 | 1ST1135 | 邻苯二甲酸单甲酯 | Methyl hydrogen phthalate | 4376-18-5 | 1ST1136 | 邻苯二甲酸二庚酯 | Di-n-heptyl phthalate | 3648-21-3 | 1ST1137 | 邻苯二甲酸二庚酯(支链异构体类的混和物) | Diheptyl Phthalate (Mixture of branched chain isoMers) | 41451-28-9 | 1ST1138 | (-)-单-(1R)-邻苯二甲酸薄荷酯 | (-)-Mono-(1R)-Menthyl phthalate | 33744-74-0 | 1ST1139 | 邻苯二甲酸氢叔丁酯 | Tert-butyl hydrogen phthalate | 33693-84-4 | 1ST1140 | 邻苯二甲酸二异庚酯(异构体混合物) | Diisoheptyl phthalate (The mixture of isomers) | 71888-89-6 | 1ST1141 | 邻苯二甲酸二异丙酯 | Diisopropyl phthalate | 605-45-8 | 1ST1142 | 邻苯二甲酸苄酯2-乙基己基酯 | Benzyl 2-ethylhexyl phthalate | 27215-22-1 | 1ST1181 | 13种邻苯二甲酸酯混标, 1.2 ml 氯仿溶液/只, 每包装1只, 含以下品种各10mg/ml: 1ST1111, 1ST1114, 1ST1116, 1ST1117, 1ST1118, 1ST1119, 1ST1120, 1ST1121, 1ST1125, 1ST1126, 1ST1127, 1ST1129, 1ST1130 | 13 Phthalate Mix Kit, 1.2 ml in CHCl3, 1 ampoule / pk, 10mg/ml each component: 1ST1111, 1ST1114, 1ST1116, 1ST1117, 1ST1118, 1ST1119, 1ST1120, 1ST1121, 1ST1125, 1ST1126, 1ST1127, 1ST1129, 1ST1130 | NA | 1ST1183 | 16种邻苯二甲酸酯混标-1, 1.2 ml 正己烷溶液/只, 每包装1只, 含以下品种各1mg/ml: 1ST1111, 1ST1112, 1ST1113, 1ST1114, 1ST1115, 1ST1116, 1ST1117, 1ST1118, 1ST1119, 1ST1120, 1ST1121, 1ST1122, 1ST1123, 1ST1124, 1ST1125, 1ST1126 | 16 Phthalate Mix Kit, 1.2 ml in Hexane, 1 ampoule / pk, 1mg /ml each component: 1ST1111, 1ST1112, 1ST1113, 1ST1114, 1ST1115, 1ST1116, 1ST1117, 1ST1118, 1ST1119, 1ST1120, 1ST1121, 1ST1122, 1ST1123, 1ST1124, 1ST1125, 1ST1126 | NA | 1ST1184 | 6种邻苯二甲酸酯混标-1, 1.2 ml 正己烷溶液/只, 每包装1只, 含以下品种各1mg/ml: 1ST1125, 1ST1111, 1ST1114, 1ST1121, 1ST1118, 1ST1116 | 6 Phthalate Esters Mix Kit, 1.2 ml in methanol, 1 ampoule / pk, 1mg /ml each component: 1ST1125, 1ST1111, 1ST1114, 1ST1121, 1ST1118, 1ST1116 | NA | 1ST1185 | 14种邻苯二甲酸酯混标-1, 1.2 ml 正己烷溶液/只, 每包装1只, 含以下品种各1mg/ml: 1ST1111, 1ST1112, 1ST1113, 1ST1114, 1ST1115, 1ST1116, 1ST1117, 1ST1118, 1ST1119, 1ST1120, 1ST1121, 1ST1122, 1ST1123, 1ST1124 | 14 Phthalate Mix Kit, 1.2 ml in methanol, 1 ampoule / pk, 1mg /ml each component: 1ST1111, 1ST1112, 1ST1113, 1ST1114, 1ST1115, 1ST1116, 1ST1117, 1ST1118, 1ST1119, 1ST1120, 1ST1121, 1ST1122, 1ST1123, 1ST1124 | NA |
1ST1186 | 16种邻苯二甲酸酯混标-2, 1.2 ml 正己烷溶液/只, 每包装1只, 含以下品种各1mg/ml: 1ST1111, 1ST1112, 1ST1113, 1ST1114, 1ST1115, 1ST1116, 1ST1117, 1ST1118, 1ST1119, 1ST1120, 1ST1121, 1ST1122, 1ST1123, 1ST1124, 1ST1125, 1ST1126 | 16 Phthalate Mix Kit, 1.2 ml in methanol, 1ampoule / pk, 1mg /ml each component: 1ST1111, 1ST1112, 1ST1113, 1ST1114, 1ST1115, 1ST1116, 1ST1117, 1ST1118, 1ST1119, 1ST1120, 1ST1121, 1ST1122, 1ST1123, 1ST1124, 1ST1125, 1ST1126 | NA |
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